ANIMAL AND CLIMATE CHANGE: The clown fish
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Thursday, September 23, 2010
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I cambiamenti climatici sono destinati a diventare una delle cause principali di estinzioni di specie nel 21 ° secolo: circa il 20-30% delle specie vegetali e animali sono esposte al rischio sempre più elevato a livello mondiale di un innalzamento medio delle temperature. Nonostante il cambiamento climatico che sta attraversando il nostro pianeta abbia profonde ripercussioni su tutti gli ecosistemi
e le specie animali, ce ne sono alcune che soffrono più di altre tali cambiamenti. 
Un recente rapporto della IUCN ( qui il link dell'articolo)
), conosciuto anche come pesce anemone, sono alcune delle icone del mondo marino. Essi sono molto popolari tra i subacquei a causa della loro combinazioni di colori sorprendente di bianco, arancio, giallo e marrone. Ci sono un totale di 28 specie di pesci pagliaccio, sono tutti molto simili nelle loro abitudini. Forse il più celebre di questi è il pesce pagliaccio comune (Amphiprion ocellaris), che è stato reso popolare dal film di Walt Disney 'Alla Ricerca di Nemo '.
Che cosa sappiamo the clown fish?
Clownfish are found in tropical and subtropical Pacific and Indian oceans. The greatest diversity of clown fish is near the Papua New Guinea, although the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, is known for the presence of a number of unique variations. Within their range, the clown fish living in shallow water environments, mainly because dell'affascinante
While most of the fish anemones, the clownfish purchases an immunity to poison her, and is therefore able to use the anemones for their own protection against predators. In return, the clownfish keeps the anemone it is hosted in a state of health, and preventing them from being attacked by angelfish and sea turtles (which are also immune to the stinging tentacles dell'anemone).
If the only girl dies, then the largest male becomes a female and riproduzine continues. As a larva develops, it begins to use chemical signals to detect an anemone in the water suitable for use as his new home. These signals allow the young fish to choose the right kind of anemone, and ensure that it is different from his place of birth to avoid inbreeding. The period between the "hatching" and the search for a new anemone very short (about 8-12 days), this means that young clownfish never stray from their parents and now dall'anemone.
How will climate change on the clown fish?
The most significant impact of climate change on clown fish is primarily concerned with their natural habitat, the reef and the water temperature. These changes can affect the lives of clown fish in various ways.
Clownfish are dependent on sea anemones, which are more common on coral reefs. coral reef-dependent species like the clown fish will certainly be affected by the decline of coral reefs. In 1998, one of the major global events in history ever recorded it, we're talking about coral bleaching, led to complete disappearance of several species of sea anemone clownfish used by
Another major problem is the increase acidity of the oceans, it is been shown that it can affect the ability of the clown fish to detect the chemical signals required for navigation and location of sea anemones. The fish are not able to identify a suitable hiding place are at higher risk of predation.
The young fish are not able to locate new anemones live where they are also more likely to return to their original place of birth. While individuals can be considered lucky to receive protection at least, the risk of inbreeding in these fish has increased significantly. Adult clown fish, though less sensitive to loss of chemical signals, they can still become confused and perso quando avventurarsi lontano dal loro anemone ospite. Un esteso periodo lontano dal loro ospite porta comunemente alla perdita della loro immunità al veleno delle anemoni. Per riacquistare questa immunità, il pesce pagliaccio deve eseguire una elaborata "danza" che può durare anche diverse ore aumentando il rischio di predazione. Ovviamente danza è un modo di dire, semplicemente consiste nel toccare delicatamente i tentacoli dell'anemone con parti differenti del corpo finché non sono acclimatate con l'anemone. Uno strato di muco sulla pelle del pesce pagliaccio lo rende immune al pungiglione letale dell'anemone, che normalmente si ciba di pesci. In cambio dell'ospitalità, che protects it from predators, the clown fish chases the intruders and cleans the anemone parasites.
Moreover, all the fish are 'cool' which means that all aspects of their lives are strongly influenced by the temperature of the surrounding water. With the increase in ocean temperatures, scientists believe that soon we will see some serious effects clownfish. Many
clown fish have been shown to develop with a higher speed than usual with increasing temperature. There are of course immediate potential benefits for individuals as reproductive fast rotation, but the growth and reproduction is generally faster to mean that individuals disperse at distances shorter and shorter from their anemone and from their parents' before their stage of development trigger the instinct to find their new home anemone. This to some disadvantages, such as increased competition to find anemones to be used as a shelter, the greater the likelihood of predation, and greater likelihood of events consanguieità.
One of these results, or a combination of both, could have disastrous consequences for clown fish making them especially vulnerable to climate change.
About a curiosity here is the funny clown fish, click Article
truth is a video
) (Al pagliacio like fish tickles).
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